African-American History Timeline 1990 - 1999

The 1990s were a time of advances and setbacks for African Americans: many men and women broke new ground by being elected as majors of large cities, as members of Congress, and federal cabinet positions, as well as in leadership roles in medicine, sports, and academics. But when Rodney King was beaten by police in Los Angeles and riots broke out after the officers were acquitted, that was a signal that the continuing search for justice was still an ongoing concern.   1990 Playwright August Wilson  wins a Pulitzer Prize for the play, The Piano Lesson.Sharon Pratt Kelly becomes the first African-American woman to lead a major city in the United States when she is elected mayor of Washington D.C.Marcelite Jordan Harris is the first African-American brigadier general. She is also the first woman to command a predominately male battalion.  Donna Marie Cheek is the first African-American to be a member of the U.S. Equestrian Team.Carole Ann-Marie Gist is the first African-American to win the Miss USA pageant. 1991 Roland Burris is appointed attorney general of Illinois. Burris is the first African-American to hold this position.Rodney King is beaten by three officers. The brutality is captured on videotape and three officers are tried for their actions.The first African-American mayor of Kansas City, Emanuel Cleaver II, is elected.Wellington Webb is elected mayor of Denver. He is the first African-American to hold this position.Clarence Thomas is appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court.The first feature film by an African-American woman is produced and directed by Julie Dash.Walter E. Massey is the first African-American to lead the National Science Foundation. 1992 Willie W. Herenton becomes the first African-American mayor of Memphis.The three officers tried in the beating of Rodney King are acquitted. As a result, there is a three-day riot throughout Los Angeles. At the end more than 50 people were murdered, an estimated 2000 injured and 8000 arrested.Mae Carol Jemison is the first African-American woman in space, traveling on the space shuttle Endeavor.Carol Moseley Braun is the first African-American woman elected to serve in the U.S. Senate. Braun represents the state of Illinois.William â€Å"Bill† Pinkney is the first African-American to navigate a sailboat around the world. 1993 The first African-American mayor of St. Louis, Freeman Robertson Bosley Jr., is elected.Jocelyn M. Elders is the first woman and first African-American to be appointed as the U.S. Surgeon General.Toni Morrison wins the Nobel Peace Prize in Literature for her novel, Beloved. Morrison is the first African-American to hold such a distinction. 1994 Corey D. Flourney is elected as president of the Future Farmers of America Convention. 1995 Ron Kirk is elected mayor of Dallas. Kirk is the first African-American to hold such a position.The Million Man March is held on October 17. Organized by Minister Louis Farrakhan, the purpose of the march was to teach solidarity.Dr. Helene Doris Gayle is appointed Direction of the National Center for HIV, STD and TB Prevention for the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Gayle is the first woman and African-American to hold this position.Lonnie Bristow is appointed president of the American Medical Association and is the first African-American in such a position.   1996 Ron Brown, Commerce Secretary, was killed in a plane crash in Eastern Europe.The first African-American to win a Pulitzer Prize for Music is George Walker. Walker receives the award for the composition â€Å"Lilies for Soprano or Tenor and Orchestra.†Affirmative Action is abolished by California lawmakers through Proposition 209.Margaret Dixon is appointed as president of the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP).When Tiger Woods wins the Masters Tournament in Augusta, Ga., he becomes the first African-American and youngest golfer to win the title. 1997 Harvey Johnson, Jr. is the first African-American mayor of Jackson, Miss.The Million Woman March is held in Philadelphia.Lee Patrick Brown is elected mayor of Houston—the first African-American to hold such a position.Wynton Marsalis’ jazz composition â€Å"Blood on the Fields† wins a Pulitzer Prize in Music. It is the first jazz composition to receive the honor.African-American men exploited through the Tuskegee Syphilis Study receive a formal apology by President Bill Clinton. 1998 Historian John Hope Franklin is appointed by President Clinton to head the President’s Commission on Race. The purpose of the commission is to create a national discussion concerning race issues.The National League of Women Voters elects its first African-American president, Carolyn Jefferson-Jenkins. 1999 Serena Williams  wins the U.S. Open Women’s Singles Tennis Championship at the U.S. Open. Williams is the first African-American woman to reach such an achievement since Althea Gibson won in 1958.  Maurice Ashley becomes the first African-American chess grandmaster.

Professionalism Of Teaching And Learning - 873 Words

EDFD Assignment one: Professionalism in Teaching and Learning. 800 words. The profession of teaching warrants the attributes of the individual educator to carry themselves in a professional manner at all times. This notion has been evident to me since my own education in my early years of primary school and has developed in depth since studying the industry. I view teachers as professionals and it has always been my understanding that â€Å"teachers† have a duty of care to their students and rightfully must create support and safe environments for their students (Matulic-Keller,p.3,2011). The Australian Institute for teaching and School Leadership (AITSL) was implemented in 2010 for teachers to establish standards that would help advance and support their learning throughout their careers. The standards allow educators and pre-service to be aware of what is expected of them and how they can address areas that need attention. In doing so ensures teachers are covering all aspects of the standards needed to progress to the following phase.** Area three of AITSL discusses â€Å"Professional practice, Plan for and implement effective teaching and learning†. Through my studies it has been embedded in my own teaching philosophy and professionalism as an educator that planning is a crucial aspect of teaching. Planning lessons require knowledge of the curriculum, pedagogical studies and understanding, and enable teaching intentions to be successful (Sangster,p.12,2005). Throughout myShow MoreRelatedMy Experience At Pleasant Valley High School900 Words   |  4 Pagesexhibit professionalism in all aspects of his or her life. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, professionalism is defined as â€Å"the skill, good judgment, and polite behavior that is expected from a person who is trained to do a job well† (merriam-webster.com). When I hear the word professionalism, I automatically think of tattoos, social media, and appropriate language/attire. After some in-depth discussion with my classmates and teacher s, I have come to realize that professionalism encompassesRead MoreEffective Teaching Of The Social Studies1440 Words   |  6 Pagesconstitutes effective teaching of the social studies in the elementary school? As a pre-service teacher, I have learned that to become an effective teacher of the social sciences it is imperative that teaching professionals need to be familiar with the Minnesota K-12 academic standards in social studies, have knowledge about the subject matter being taught, utilize a variety of teaching strategies in the classroom, have theoretical knowledge about learning and human behaviors, foster learning in the classroomRead MoreCollaborative And Collegial Practices Focused On Improving Instructional Practice And Student Learning1328 Words   |  6 PagesInstructional Practice and Student Learning According to Danielson (2011), criterion 8 of the Danielson framework is part of the TPEP (Teacher/Principal Evaluation Pilot) structure that focuses on the professional practices and how teachers participate collaboratively in the educational community to improve instruction, and ultimately student growth. It is an important focus because it promotes student learning, showing that teachers must work with their colleagues to share learning techniques, arrange collectiveRead MoreEvaluating And Interpreting Student s Learning For The Future Planning930 Words   |  4 Pagesanalyzing, evaluating and interpreting student’s learning for the future planning. Godinho (2011) believed that accurate assessment of student learning is fundamental to making informed decisions about lesson planning. It requires the teachers to have an understanding of the different tools of assessment such as formative and summative. The standard also requires teachers to know how to interpret the collecte d data, which informs the further teaching practices. In addition, the teachers are requiredRead More Professionalism in Nursing Essay996 Words   |  4 Pageswhen being evaluated on professionalism, a person is judged based on the clients; Attitude, Values, Communication techniques, and approachability. Clients who display a committed, dependable attitude will benefit more from work exerted, and overall be rewarded with incentives. Although professionalism may be in the eye of the beholder. A profession is defined as a trade or vocation, mainly one that involves some sort of higher education or special training. Professionalism is a stature that theRead MoreTeaching Profession: Key Elements of Professionalism and Ethics1137 Words   |  5 Pagesexpected that the profession of teaching embraces many qualities of any other professional practice. Teachers must possess a combination of many qualities beginning with a strong academic background and wide-ranging knowledge. The National Framework for Professional Standards for Teaching (2003) it is the knowledge of students, curriculum, subject matter, pedagogy, education – related legislation and the specifically teaching context that is the foundation on effective teaching, and a firm foundation onRead MoreProfessionalism Of Teaching Vs. Standing Up For Something Every Day1382 Words   |  6 PagesProfessionalism in Teaching vs. Standing Up for Something Every Day To begin, the first book Professionalism in Teaching highlighted important factors to consider as we become future educators. These highlights included what it means to be a â€Å"professional,† how to communicate effectively, and how to build relationships with fellow teachers, administration, students, and parents. As the authors discussed professionalism they emphasized the importance of looking the part by dressing in an appropriateRead MoreProfessionalism, Gender, Ethnicity, Or Sexual Preference? Essay1060 Words   |  5 PagesProfessionalism My definition of professionalism is to be as professional as possible when in the classroom, meeting with colleagues, and talking to parents and guardians. Professionalism to me is also introducing new cultures and holidays to my students only after doing an immense amount of research and consulting with people in those cultures. Professionalism is also understanding the gender roles, sexualities, and families of the students in my classroom. A professional classroom teacher mustRead MoreThe Principles Of Professionalism And Professionalism1593 Words   |  7 Pagesthe principles of professionalism will be discussed including its importance to education as a whole, and as a practitioner. The following will be discussed; assessing the different understandings of professionalism, demonstrating factors such as self-awareness, personal qualities and skills. Then examine how these may impact a practitioner â€Å"Professionalism means different things to different people† as suggest by Fox (1992, p. 2). Examining the different meanings of professionalism Hanlon 1998 wouldRead MoreA Professional Teacher Is Not An Easy Task Essay1310 Words   |  6 PagesI love to chose professionalism because I would like to become a professional teacher in the future. Every teacher thinks that they want to become a good and professional teacher, but about being a professional teacher is there any lore? Is there any particular qualities for becoming a good teacher? And how to become a rectitude teacher?To become a professional teacher is not an easy task. Professional teaching is the combination of experience, knowledge, lot of preparation and commitment. The person

The Danger Of A Single Story - 1070 Words

â€Å"There s always room for a story that can transport people to another place.† (J.K Rowling). While this may be true for some stories, other stories tend to lead misbeliefs about a time period or place. That is what Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie explains throughout her telling of â€Å"The Danger of a Single Story.† She states how a story can mislead people to generalize how a place is or how the people are. Everyone at some point has heard a story that made them believe a misconception about a place. Adichie starts off her speech by introducing how the first stories she read made her believe that British people drank ginger beer even if she doesn’t even know what ginger beer is. Many stories about Africa impoverish it as a place with few resources with only the necessities needed to survive. She would later state how she grew up in a middle class family with parents with a job. Chimamanda Adichie claims that stories can create stereotypes and her purpose is to no t let one story influence a person’s thoughts on a person or place. Adichie starts off the speech by telling the story of her childhood. As a child, she wrote stories that her characters were white and blue-eyed, played in the snow, and talked about how lovely that the sun came out. From the books she read from foreign places, these stories describe the people as this so it leads Adichie to think that people from these places are like this based on the single story told by the books. She then talks about as a young girl, herShow MoreRelatedThe Dangers Of Singles Stories1372 Words   |  6 Pageslifetime people hear thousands of single stories from people, places, and things. This makes the passing of information very dangerous. A single story means, a limited viewpoint, or only seeing something from one angle. As proved in many cases, this is very dangerous in knowing the whole story from every perspective. In many cases the source you are hearing this from may have opinions or facts beyond the point adjusting your way of thinking. The dangers of si ngles stories was noted by Chimamanda NgoziRead MoreThe Danger Of A Single Story1158 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the novelist Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie in the article, â€Å"The Danger of a Single Story†, she proclaims that when there is just one single story of someone or something, it can be detrimental to said subject. It can be detrimental to a group of people, because that one single story can make great people seem horrible. Having one single story about a beautiful place can make it sound terrifying. The world is multidimensional and having just one explanation of something, can make somethingRead MoreThe Danger Of A Single Story1489 Words   |  6 Pagesauthor, gave a stunning speech about â€Å"the Danger of a Single Story†. In her speech, she mentioned about negative consequences happening when people tend to form stereotypes based on a single story, the one-sided argument. The single story blindfolds our eyes and prevents us from seeing the complexity , diversity, and similarities that construct our world, just as Adichie says â€Å"these negative stories is to flatten my experience and overlook the many other stories that formed me† (12:56). Listening to allRead MoreThe Danger of a Single Story804 Words   |  4 PagesRanda ElFouly The Danger of a Single Story - A speech that was said by Chimamanda Adichie that inspired me to write this report. Chimamanda Adichie began talking about this thing she liked to call â€Å"a single story.† The Danger of a Single Story is about having a one sided perspective on different cultures and countries. She explains that she originally had a single story of writing because as a kid, all she had read were children’s books from America or England and all the characters in theseRead MoreDanger of a Single Story1661 Words   |  7 PagesReflection on â€Å"The Danger of a Single Story† By Chimamanda Adichie Why this all fuss about a â€Å"single story†? So what is a single story? Does this mean manipulation of ‘a single story’ by countless re-telling and thus creating an ‘entrenched’ view in our minds which we fail to challenge and investigate with a forward-looking vision? No wonder, this leads to a lot of assumptions, half-truths and stereotypes when this story is passed on from one to another. For example a lot of people thinkRead MoreLiterary Essay : The Danger Of A Single Story1091 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout a persons life they are bound to do one of the following; be apart of a single story, struggle with their identity or stereotype someone or something. Literature reflects this experience people have with their identity. The single story is something that affects everyone, consistently and can be seen throughout literature; everything and everyone has a single story. In The Danger of a Single Story, Adichie talks about its impact; this is also explored in Supamans lyrics, and HopeRead MoreThe Danger Of A Single Story By Nancy Mairs984 Words   |  4 Pagesof many overlapping stories. A single story confines a corner of the world to a generalized stereotype. Chimamanda Adichie in TED talk, The Danger of a Single Story, addresses that â⠂¬Å"if you hear a single story about a person or a country we risk a critical understanding.† Adichie also states, â€Å"a single story creates stereotypes, and the problem with stereotypes is not what they are untrue, but they are incomplete.† Adichie believes everyone is guilty in creating single stories and they are dangerousRead MoreThe Danger Of A Single Story By Chimamanda Ngozi838 Words   |  4 PagesIn her TED Talk â€Å"The Danger of a Single Story†, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie shared her personal experiences on how the stereotypes that are presented in the literature towards people from other cultures would actually be misleading to the readers and have negative influence on their cross-cultural communication. The danger of a single story lies not so much in lacking of knowledge or understanding of people from other culture, but rather in people’s leaving no room and possibilities for themselves toRead MoreAdichies Speech : The Danger Of A Single Story982 Words   |  4 Pagesof seven, stories in pencil with crayon illustrations that my poor mother was obligated to read, I wrote exactly the kinds of stories I was reading: All my characters were white and blue-eyed, they played in the snow, they ate apples, and they talked a lot about the weather, how lovely it was that the sun had come out.† CHIMAMANDA NGOZI ADICHIE was born in Nigeria, at the age of nineteen she emigrated to the United States to study for college. In her speech, The Danger of a Single Story she talksRead MoreChimamanda Adichies The Danger Of The Single Story805 Words   |  4 Pagespossible way a particular story takes hold of the beliefs of a person. Chimamanda Adichie’s â€Å"The Danger of the Single Story,† talks about how the â€Å"single story† can take hold of not only a person, but a society, thus making that story the only story (Adichie 2009). This singular view of a particular group of people, place, or another topic i s usually defined in many different elements such as literature and power, all the way to poverty and dignity (Adichie 2009). The â€Å"single story† is produced narrow

Attachment A Deep And Enduring Emotional Bond - 1313 Words

Attachment: An Analysis â€Å"Attachment is a deep and enduring emotional bond that connects one person to another across time and space’’ Mary Ainsworth (1973) In this essay I will explore the meaning and purpose of attachment and discuss research into attachment concentrating on John Bowlby’s 1944 â€Å"44 thieves† study conducted to test his maternal deprivation theory and Schaffer Emerson’s 1964 â€Å" Glasgow babies† study. There are two approaches to attachment; evolutionary theory and behavioural theory, and for the purposes of this essay I will focus largely on the evolutionary school of thought. Attachments are intrinsic to a child’s development both in the short term and for the duration of their lives. Infants have an innate need to develop an attachment with their mother to ensure their survival and are equipped with evolutionary characteristics called social releasers; physical social releasers such as large eyes and a small chin are found to be more aesthetically pleasing to the parents so they are more likely to care for them and behavioural social releasers for example, crying; very young infants typically only cry if they re hungry, cold or in pain (Gross 2015 p535) this alerts the parents to an infants immediate need. At around 7 or 8 months of age children begin to make specific attachments for reasons other than survival, children display proximity maintaining behaviour normally with the mother,Show MoreRelatedHow Do Attachments in Early Childhood Can Have Positive and Negative Consequences?1363 Words   |  6 Pages Maccoby defines attachment as `a relatively enduring emotional tie to a specific other person. Human infants seem to have an innate sense of willingness to form attachment relationships almost instantly. This bonding is naturally a two way process. One of the most influential psychologists in the field of attachments is John Bowlby. Bowlby performed his elementary psychological studies in the late 1960s, which undoubtedly caused a stir amongst close families and the setting of the timesRead MoreSecure Attachment Relationship Between Young Children And Their Families898 Words   |  4 PagesSecure Attachment Relationship The mother is usually the first and primary object of attachment for an infant, but in many cultures, babies become just as attached to their fathers, siblings, and grandparents. When infants are attached to their caregivers, they gain a secure base from which babies can explore their environment and a haven of safety to return to when they are afraid. Attachment begins with physical touching and cuddling between infant and parent. Some babies become secure or insecureRead MoreTheories Of Developmental Psychology : Attachment Theory1178 Words   |  5 PagesDescribe and evaluate two theories in developmental psychology Attachment theory, it refers to an affectionate bond. â€Å"A relatively extended and enduring connection with the partner is important as a unique individual is interchangeable with no other† Ainsworth (1989) cited in Gross (2003) hand out in class (03/06/2013).The aim of this attachment is for the infant to remain in close proximity to the attachment figure as she is considered the secure base and the infant would become distressed on separationRead MorePsychological Impacts Of Attachment Disorder1311 Words   |  6 PagesPsychological Impacts of Attachment Disorder The theory of attachment was originally developed by John Bowlby, a British psychoanalyst who was attempting to understand the extreme anguish experienced by infants who had been estranged from their parents. Attachment is the term developmental psychologists use to describe the emotional bond between infants and one or more adults. Attachment is like a security blanket. It allows infants to venture out and explore, returning to the adult as a placeRead MoreAttachment Between An Infant And A Caregiver1278 Words   |  6 PagesAmbivalent and Disorganized Attachment Theories Attachment between an Infant and a Caregiver Human nature has evolved in ways that allow for people to develop deep connections with one another. These connections are always extremely vulnerable in the very early stages of our infancy. From the moment we are born, we innately seek to forge an attachment with our caregivers; mostly because without it, we would not survive. Evidently, we are biologically programmed to bond with our mothers (or closestRead MoreSeparation And Divorce : Common Phenomena1429 Words   |  6 Pagescomes with it. Separation can destabilize the inclination that the globe or the world is safe and predictable. For young people and children, particularly younger children, the family is their world. It is the fundamental structure for providing the emotional, physical and social framework they need to develop an understanding of who they are. Children might face many losses including the loss of the family they once knew, they may loose time with parent, extended family, their family home, a pet, theyRead MoreDevelopmental Psychology and Key Person Essay1139 Words   |  5 Pageswho are still not settled in can show a different set of behaviours which are akin to depression, including withdrawal, apathy, or total compliance and be under significant stress. As above, it is important to be aware that children have enduring attachment needs and this means that the key person needs to spend time with their key child on a day to day basis. CYPOP1-3.2 Explain how babies and young children learn and develop best from a basis of loving, secure relationships with carers andRead MoreDevelopmental Psychology: Never Let Me Go Essay1048 Words   |  5 Pagesthe book, are their parents. Yet, the guardians raise the kids in a very particular way. The guardians are not affectionate towards the children, as most parents would be, and they raise them in an extremely structured setting. The guardians do not bond with the children because, although the guardians at Hailsham believe the kids are more than just clones, society still looks at them as creatures. The way the guardians raise the children at Hailsham is proved to us, as the story progresses, thatRead MoreThe Theory Of Developmental Psychology1336 Words   |  6 PagesDevelopmental psychology is viewed as different approaches which aims to look at how children and adults develop. Theories such as Bowlby s attachment theory can explain how a child s development can be alter ed by their attachment, thus leading to the ideology of the nature vs nurture debate, nature referring to the process of biological maturation while nurture is referring to the impact of the environment or surroundings, which involves the idea that a person learns through experiences. (McLeodRead MoreAttachment Styles And Its Effect On Adult Romantic Relationships1739 Words   |  7 PagesAttachment Styles and its Effect on Adult Romantic Relationships Attachment is a deep and enduring emotional bond that connects a caregiver to their child. The relationship between the caregiver and the child plays a vital role in the child’s behavior, mind, and emotions at any time in their life, from child to adulthood. A child’s attachment style is developed through childhood experiences. Depending on the style of attachment influences how a person reacts to their needs and how they go about

The Real Man free essay sample

Men around the world are constantly kept in line, on what exactly a man is expected to be. This is policed through everyday living and society has zero tolerance for margin of error. However, this can have a great deal of psychological issues towards young boys as they go through this traumatic transition at a young age. Consistently ridiculed, and forced to behave certain ways preventing them from appearing feminine. The guidance stems from close relatives, peers, and even sports team directors such as coaches. â€Å"Boy’s don’t Cry, Take it like a Man, Size Matters, Nice Guys Finish Last† (Kimmel pg.609 Rereading America.) These are common phrases used by society (mostly men) to assist in guiding all men down a road of masculine behavior. It tells you what is and isn’t acceptable behavior for a man. You don’t cry because you appear weak, if you are small framed you are feminine like a girl; if you are too nice you will get taken advantage of. We will write a custom essay sample on The Real Man or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If you stray away from this outline you are labeled feminine or even to some extremes a â€Å"faggot.† This form of â€Å"The Guy Code† has become extremely prominent in today’s society because it declares a basic set of rules for all men to follow. â€Å"The Guy Code, a collection of attitudes, values, and traits that together composes what it means to be a man† (Kimmel pg.610 Rereading America.) â€Å"Boys learn that their connection to their mother with emasculate them, so they learn to push away from their mothers. It’s what turns those expressive five year olds into, sullen, withdrawn and despondent nine year olds† (Kimmel pg.615 Rereading America.) This transition between ages were we see children severely stray away from their mothers comes from activities such as school where children are constantly mimicking what they see. Such as dad’s telling there son’s not to be â€Å"sissy’s† or watching their older siblings become aggressive. These actions mold the youth into a senseless, deformed version of masculinity, even sometimes at the age of five. This stressful, rapid change in personality leaves some boys lost, confused or not accepted by others. â€Å"Boys are more prone to depression, suicidal behavior, and various other forms of out-of-control or out-of-touch  behaviors† (Kimmel pg.616 Rereading America.) As proven, younger boys growing up suffer from many traumatic experiences that can carry on into much more serious consequences originating from the conclusion of your masculinity. Young men including boys are taught these beliefs from surrounding men including their own family. â€Å"My older brother’s were always on my case, says Drew a twenty two year old College graduate† (Kimmel pg. 611 Rereading America.) Older siblings that are male are likely to not only bully younger siblings but there masculinity is challenged on a daily basis. Fathers tend to be extremely harsh with their son’s trying to groom the most masculine man they can. â€Å"Definitely my Dad, says Mike a twenty two year old college student. He was always riding my ass, telling me I had to be tough and strong to make it in this world† (Kimmel pg. 611 Rereading America.) Thoughts such as these are continuously racing then young men’s head, as they are raised and nurtured to constantly question their masculinity. It is common for many young men to join sports organizations as well as teams throughout schooling. â€Å"Warren a twenty one year old college athlete said, I think of my football coach, he’d completely humiliate us in front of team members, asking the team if we should kiss my boo boo, and refer to us as pansy’s to try and build up mental strength† (Kimmel pg. 611 Rereading America.) Acts such as these have been under constant scrutiny in today’s time due to extreme consequences including suicide. The most common occurrence to make recent headline involving Richie Incognito of the Miami Dolphins, (NFL) as he is currently in an investigation of â€Å"bullying† and potential death threats towards a teammate. Gender policing is constantly enforced not only by siblings, but mass media, as well as sports organizations. The psychological toll is diminishing the young minds of sports athletes, and even your every day men, this is an act that has been scientifically proven and immediate changes are needed to implement any further harm. The sooner young men can think clearly and make personal decisions about there masculinity, the faster we will see drastic change. It must start from the family level and work it’s way outward into the everyday public as well as sporting franchises. This in return will end the era of any man questioning their masculinity or gender role in today’s society.

HMS Pinafore Case free essay sample

The Gilbert and Sullivan Society of the University of Western Ontario stages a single high quality theatre production every year for the local community. This year will be a performance of HMS Pinafore. Francis Vanden Hoven was selected to be the producer of the performance and is faced with budget restrictions, tight deadlines and the challenge of producing a high quality show that will generate positive reviews. Francis is a business student at the university with no prior theatre experience. In order to prepare he has scheduled a meeting with his assistants Deb, Mona and Liz. During the meeting many factors that affect the production were discussed. Some of which include wardrobe, set construction, marketing, volunteers, hired staff, blackout dates, budget and so on. The task at hand for Francis Vanden seems to be proper project management to ensure a successful production. The best way to attack the challenges is to organize the tasks and timelines, this can be done with a Product Process Matrix that displays all the jobs in a clear manner and determine the critical path of the project. Â  At the current stage of the theatrical production there are no formal plan that is in place. The first issue that should be addressed is to produce an organizational chart or timeline for all events. With these organizational tools it could potentially affect the communication and organization between all parties involved in the production. Also the production crew is consisting of students like Francis and his assistants and volunteers that are balancing their time between school work and the play. In order for the production to go off well many different activities have to be completed and with only 18 weeks to get ready, the schedule will be tight and the real danger of exhaustion for students is certainly a potential threat to the positive outcome. In December, students will be having Christmas break as well as exams; this adds a considerable threat to production and danger of exhaustion to the students involved. Students involved in the production are on a volunteer basis, and if Francis and his assistants push them too hard it may lead to people quitting and then Francis will have to find other students to fill in, this will take considerable time and may lead to the risk of overlooking important details to make the production a success. In order for Francis and his assistants to make H. M. S. Pinafore a success, a well constructed project process matrix and a breakdown of assigned work to the people involved. ENVIRONMENTAL AND ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS The team has approximately 4 months till the premier of the play and budget that has not been approved yet. This timeline does not take into account exam time from December 5 – December 22 or the Christmas break from December 23 to January 5 students will be occupied with examinations and will not be able t devote time for the production. Francis and his assistants have to organize all the tasks and this is where the assistance of a project process matrix chart and work breakdown structure will be effective. The budget for the production of H. M. S. Pinafore is $28,000. If Francis and his assistants as well as the entire team of the operetta can work together and produce a successful show we hope that we will draw an average of 90% seat occupancy each night for the 10 nights the production will be put off, this figure would include an average of 50% of the attendees being students and seniors (tickets are $14 for general public and students and seniors receive $2 off the ticket price). Ultimately, this will provide the University with a return on investment over the duration of the performance period. The following chart shows the budget and anticipated fixed costs. Project Budget $28,000 Fixed Expenses $14,000 Printing $3,500 Advertising Space $40 Costumes $6,500 Builder $3,360 Total Expenses $27,400 Remaining Funds $600 ALTERNATIVES AND OPTIONS The alternatives to this case are limited since all the aspects of the project are sequential and time sensitive. I believe the previous project manager from the year before would be suitable since they have had the experience before but this is not an option of course. I believe a project process matrix and breakdown of assigned work is the crucial however management should be open to alternatives within the project goals, for example, making the a less complex stage set in favour of more sophisticated lighting depending on time and budget. The project management tools is essentially the most important part of the project and keeps everyone on the same page and allows everyone to work together to reach the main goal at a certain point in time using the allotted time given for each task in the project sequence. Exhaustion amongst students may occur if student’s exam and course schedules and personal time is not accounted for. RECOMMENDATIONS AND IMPLEMENTATION I recommend using a project process matrix and breakdown structures for the H. M. S. Pinafore performance. The process breakdown does not require an expert but someone who is detailed oriented and is able to foresee future planning developments. If Francis is not experienced enough he can get input from his assistants and possibly the volunteers who have had experience in theatre. Some of the major tasks for the production is hiring crew and cast by newspaper advertisement, this should be one of the first step. MONITOR AND CONTROL No. Task Name Duration Start Finish 1 Budget approval 1 day Tue 07/09/93 Tue 07/09/93 2 Hire publicity director 14 days Tue 07/09/93 Mon 20/09/93 3 Advertising to hire crew and cast 7 days Tue 21/09/93 Mon 27/09/93 4 Hire set designer 14 days Wed 08/09/93 Tue 21/09/93 5 Set designed and built 42 days Wed 27/10/93 Fri 07/01/94 6 Hire production crew 28 days Tue 28/09/93 Tue 26/10/93 7 Train production crew Auditions to hire cast 2 days Fri 08/10/93 Sat 09/10/93 10 Rehearsals 12 wks Sun 10/10/93 Sun 01/02/94 11 Hire orchestra 7 days Wed 08/09/93 Tue 14/09/93 12 Music 7 days Wed 15/09/93 Tue 21/09/93 13 Photograph cast, crew/ collect biographies 35 days Wed 27/10/93 Tue 30/11/93 14 Enter information into computer 1 day Wed 01/12/93 Wed 01/12/93 15 Printing 5 days Thu 02/12/93 Thu 06/01/94 16 Publicity 28 days Tue 21/09/93 Tue 19/10/93 17 Order costumes 7 days Sun 10/10/93 Sun 17/10/93 18 Costume parade and alterations 5 days Sat 08/01/94 Wed 12/01/94 19 Dress rehearsal 1 day Thu 13/01/94 Thu 13/01/94 20 Performances start 1 day Thu 13/01/94 Thu 13/01/94 The chart above can be used as a monitor and check tool for the stages of the projects to be completed. Francis must assemble a team that can pursue the same goal and they should be meeting weekly to discuss progress and make adjustments to the schedule if needed. In the meetings each team member on will give their status of the activities that their department are in charge of.